Libya after Gaddafi
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Libya's Tawergha People Barred from Return
Collective Punishment
Ever since August 2011 armed groups from Misrata have been preventing about 35,000 Tawerghans from returning to their homes. They accuse Tawerghans of fighting with pro-Gaddafi forces during the 2011 conflict and committing war crimes in Misrata. A field report by Valerie Stocker
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Libya's Unchecked Weapons Trade
''Gaddafi's Gangster Mentality Lives On''
They smuggle weapons, drugs and refugees: Criminal networks are controlling eastern Libya. The government has pledged to offer the impoverished region economic alternatives. By Markus Symank in Benghazi
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The Rule of Law and the Crimes of the Gaddafi Regime
The Victims Demand Justice
The Libyan revolution did not happen on the spur of the moment, but resulted from a long-standing anger, and it was paid for with human lives. Now, the crimes of the Gaddafi regime have to be investigated. An essay by Libyan political activist Hadija Ramadan al-Amami
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Islamist Groups in Libya
The Country's Jihadist Minority
The nature of Libya's post-revolution armed Islamist forces is by no means straightforward. Salafi jihadism is not an organization, but an ideological trend based on the core belief that armed tactics of all kinds are the most effective. Background information by Omar Ashour
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Syria, Libya and the ''Responsibility to Protect''
Don't Look Away
Because of violent conflicts in Libya and Syria, international law lawyers, experts in peace and conflict studies, and politicians are once again discussing the concept of Responsibility to Protect (R2P). The big question is what kind of military intervention or other response is appropriate at what point. By Peter Hauff
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Bani Walid and the New Libya
A Deceptive Calm
The citizens of Bani Walid bitterly fought against the Libyan revolutionaries until the very end. Since then, calm has ruled in the provincial city and one time bastion of Gaddafi supporters. Yet, it is unclear whether the fragile peace will hold. Impressions from a city between rebellion and accommodation by Alfred Hackensberger
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One Year after the Revolt against Gaddafi
Still Firing in the Air
Life in Libya is currently determined by a confused mix of impenetrable power struggles, rebel chaos and unpaid debts of honour: Karim el-Gawhary has been in Tripoli
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Political Prospects after the Arab Spring
At a Crossroads
In the opinion of the acclaimed Lebanese author Elias Khoury, after the toppling of the old regimes, Arab societies are now heading towards either lasting democratic change or a return to dictatorship by another name
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The University of Tripoli
The Desolate Wasteland of Gaddafi's Education System
During the Gaddafi era, university courses in Libya were ideologically tainted, and students could pass exams by showing themselves to be particularly patriotic or simply by having good connections. But a new day has dawned, and all of this is set to change. Alfred Hackensberger reports from Tripoli
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Libya after the Revolt
Rebuilding the Ruins of Qaddafi
With the creation of a new government, Libya's leaders should finally be able to focus on organizing the transition from the authoritarian state that they inherited to the more pluralistic one they envisage. But are they really able and willing to achieve that goal, asks Barak Barfi
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The Post-Gaddafi Era
Teaching and Learning for a New Libya
The state still does not have much of a presence in Tripoli. Instead, respected citizens are ensuring public order. Enthusiasts have set up new newspapers to educate the country's youth. Werner D'Inka reports
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The Sabha Bookshop in Tripoli
Filling the Intellectual Void
The Sabha bookshop in Tripoli has become a meeting place for intellectuals and former army dissidents. The stories they tell paint a heart-rending portrait of how tough life was under Gaddafi and how thorough and comprehensive the repression of Libyans was. Alfred Hackensberger spoke to the shop's owner and some of its regulars